Key points for acidifiers to improve animal gastrointestinal health.
1. Reduce gastric pH
Young animals due to inadequate development of the gastrointestinal tract, gastric acid secretion is insufficient, acidifiers (such as phosphoric acid, formic acid, and citric acid, etc.) can reduce the pH of the stomach, on the one hand, can change the environment for the growth of harmful microorganisms, on the other hand, activate digestive enzymes to improve the digestibility of nutrients, reduce undigested nutrients into the intestine, and thus reduce the breeding of harmful bacteria in the hindgut.
2. Inhibit bacteria and sterilization
The animal intestine has a self-regulation function and can be in a relatively stable state, pH generally maintained in the range of 6.5-7.5, so the bacteria inhibition effect of acidifier is very little by lowering the pH in the intestine, only when the organic acid undissociated and go into the intestine and the microorganism in a molecular state, change the intracellular pH and interferes with the structure and activity of various enzymes in the microorganism cells, it has the effect of inhibition and sterilization (such as benzoic acid and sorbic acid).
3. Regulate the intestinal health of animals
And also, inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria, acidifiers need to enter the back end of the small intestine and the large intestine; if they are decomposed or absorbed in the stomach as well as the front end of the small intestine, they will not be able to play an anti-bacterial and sterilizing effect.
Key points of plant essential oils to regulate the gastrointestinal health of animals
Plant essential oil components have numerous effects in animals, mainly including antibacterial, growth promotion, immunity enhancement, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, etc. At present, the main sources include two major sources: one is extracted from plants, but the active ingredients vary with the extraction site, growth environment, harvesting period, and extraction method of the plant; the other is synthesized by chemical means, which is a mixture of high purity plant essential oil ingredients, with consistent product composition, reproducible and measurable.
1. Anti-bacterial function
When analyzing the antibacterial function and effect of plant essential oil, we need to determine where it takes action in order to determine its antibacterial mechanism, and its take place can be divided into the external site and internal site, the most important external site is the cell membrane; internal site for intracellular proteins or enzymes, including intracellular proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids, and metabolites, etc. Therefore, essential oil complexes containing multiple components can act on multiple sites The essential oil complexes containing multiple components can act on multiple sites, acting synergistically through one or more mechanisms.
Thymol and eugenol represent a group of phenolic essential oil components that act mainly through these pathways to inhibit bacteria. The antibacterial ability depends on the composition of the essential oils on the one hand, whether the composition is clear and reasonable, on the other hand, by the concentration of essential oils.
2. Growth promoting function
There are many mechanisms of growth-promoting effects of plant essential oils, such as through improving the digestibility of the diet, increasing feed intake, improving intestinal morphology and antioxidant capacity, thus improving absorption efficiency (Stoni et al, 2006; Cho et al, 2006).
3. Product stability
As a natural active ingredient, the essential oil has a special and strong odor and has the characteristics of instability, easy oxidation, etc. Essential oil products need to be encapsulated through a special process, on the one hand, to ensure the stability of the product in transportation and storage and processing and granulation, and other aspects. On the other hand, to avoid too strong odor affect the animal feeding.
Acidifier and plant essential oil synergistically inhibit bacteria
Harmful microorganisms Gram-positive bacteria (such as Clostridium perfringens) cell wall thicker, 20-80nm, containing a large amount of peptidoglycan, a small amount of lipopolysaccharide, while Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella, etc.) cell wall thinner, 10-15nm, containing a small amount of peptidoglycan, the outer membrane to lipopolysaccharide, due to the differences in the composition of the two cell wall, determine the effect of some antibacterial additives such as acidifier In a non-resistant background, a single acidifier or essential oil does not completely cover and act, in general, essential oils are more effective against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria, while organic acids are more effective against Gram-negative than Gram-positive bacteria (Marino et al., 2001; Cimanga et al., 2002; Souza et al., 2009; Mahmoud, 2014).
The combination of plant essential oils and acidifiers, with the twin swords, can synergistically inhibit bacteria and act on different types of harmful bacteria, while plant essential oils exert a stronger inhibitory effect by increasing the permeability of bacterial cell membranes after more acidifier molecules have entered the bacterial cells.
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